Within bibliographic references and contributor groupings, this element designates unnamed individuals (typically indicated in print with the text “et al.”).
As in many journal DTDs, this element is modeled as an EMPTY element, that is, an element with no content and any real value stored in one or more attributes. This content-less element is frequently used to generate the text “et al.” via a stylesheet.
Note: Unlike the Archiving DTD, the Journal Publishing DTD does not accommodate those journal DTDs (Blackwell’s, for example) that expect content inside <etal>, with such text as “Associates, co-workers, and colleagues”.
This element may be used in bibliographic references <citation> and <nlm-citation>. For extensive examples of formatted <nlm-citation>s including use of <etal>s in <nlm-citation>s, see: Sample PubMed Central Citations. To see tagged versions of these examples, see: Sample PubMed Central Citations - XML Tagged.
<!ELEMENT etal %etal-model; >
This is an EMPTY element
<citation> Citation; <person-group> Person Group for a Cited Publication; <product> Product Information; <related-article> Related Article Information
...
<ref>
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group>
<name>
<surname>Bedford</surname>
<given-names>CD</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Harris</surname>
<given-names>RN</given-names>
<suffix>3d</suffix>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Howd</surname>
<given-names>RA</given-names>
</name>
<etal/>
</person-group>
<article-title>Quaternary salts of 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]imidazole</article-title>
<source>J Med Chem</source>
<year>1989</year>
<month>2</month>
<volume>32</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>493</fpage>
<lpage>503</lpage>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
...
common.ent