Inside a bibliographic reference (<element-citation> or <mixed-citation>), the full title of a cited journal article.
The title is nearly always in the original language of publication, but a publisher or archive might choose to place all article titles in one language, such as English, and use the translated title element to hold the original title (Translated Title<trans-title>).
Subtitle. In the article metadata, the article subtitle and title are identified with two different elements and tagged separately, using the <article-title> and <subtitle> elements. Within a bibliographic reference citation, the subtitle cannot be preserved separately as this Tag Set identifies no cited-subtitle elements.
For references using either the <element-citation> or the <nlm-citation>, which do not permit untagged text, there are two choices:
For references using the <mixed-citation>, there are two choices:
Best Practice. Although this Tag Set cannot enforce either practice, retrieval performance will be enhanced if the subtitle is consistently placed within the <article-title> element (or the <source> element for book titles, proceedings titles, and other titles) for all cited material. Either with a <named-content> or as untagged text, the subtitle is easy to lose to searching.
<!ELEMENT article-title
(#PCDATA %article-title-elements;)* >(#PCDATA | email | ext-link | multi-link | uri | inline-supplementary-material | related-article | related-object | bold | italic | monospace | overline | overline-start | overline-end | roman | sans-serif | sc | strike | underline | underline-start | underline-end | alternatives | inline-graphic | private-char | chem-struct | inline-formula | tex-math | mml:math | abbrev | milestone-end | milestone-start | named-content | styled-content | fn | target | xref | sub | sup | break)*
Any combination of:
<element-citation>, <mixed-citation>, <nlm-citation>, <product>, <related-article>, <related-object>
In an element-style bibliographic reference (punctuation and spacing removed):
...
<ref-list>
...
<ref id="B8"><label>8</label>
<element-citation>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name><surname>Weissert</surname>
<given-names>W</given-names></name>
<name><surname>Livieratos</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title>Effects and costs of day-care
services for the chronically ill: a randomized
experiment</article-title>
<source>Medical Care</source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<fpage>567</fpage>
<lpage>584</lpage>
<pub-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">WES-6772889</pub-id>
</element-citation>
</ref>
...
</ref-list>
...
</back>
...
In a mixed-style bibliographic reference (punctuation and spacing preserved):
...
<ref-list>
...
<ref id="B8"><label>8</label>
<mixed-citation>
<string-name><surname>Weissert</surname>,
<given-names>W</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Livieratos</surname>,
<given-names>B</given-names>
</string-name>.
<article-title>Effects and costs of day-care
services for the chronically ill: a randomized
experiment</article-title>.
<source>Medical Care</source>
<year>1980</year>; <volume>18</volume>:
<fpage>567</fpage>–
<lpage>584</lpage>.
<pub-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">WES-6772889</pub-id>.
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
...
</ref-list>
...
</back>
...
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